Human
rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to
which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human
being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian which are applicable to everyone and
everywhere. These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in local, regional, national, and international law. The doctrine of human
rights in international practice, within international law, global and regional
institutions, in the policies of states and in the activities of
non-governmental organizations, has been a cornerstone of public policy around the world. According to
Section 2(1) (d) of Protection of Human Rights Act 1993, means the rights
relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by
the constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and enforceable by
Courts of India. The recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal
and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of
freedom, justice and peace in the world. There are three generations of
human rights. First-generation is civil and political rights (right to life
and political participation), second-generation is economic, social and
cultural rights (right to subsistence) and third-generation is solidarity
rights (right to peace, right to clean environment and right to development).
World’s Human Rights day is being observed across the world on 10th December
every year.
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